5-FU@COF Antifouling Coating

Anti-sludge, anti-restenosis

Embedding 5-fluorouracil-loaded COF nanospheres in a PLLA/TPU matrix enables programmable self-polishing to synergistically resist sludge and tumor hyperplasia on biliary stents.

Mingsheng, Wang · Chen, Yunjie · Yanghui, Wen · Liu, Xiaomei · Chang, He · Liu, Yi · Minghui, Pan · Chao, Pang · Li, Hua

Progress in Organic Coatings 2026

Specifications

5-FU loading

{'zh': '43.1', 'en': '43.1'} %

Coating-substrate adhesion

{'zh': '3.19', 'en': '3.19'} MPa

Bile salt coverage

{'zh': '11.53', 'en': '11.53'} %

Tumor cell inhibition

{'zh': '92.6', 'en': '92.6'} %

COF nanosphere diameter

{'zh': '216.5', 'en': '216.5'} nm

Advantages

75.7% reduction in bile salt coverage

The coating resists biofouling via electrostatic repulsion and dynamic polishing, reducing bile salt coverage from 47.44% on bare Ti to 11.53%, markedly lowering sludge accumulation risk.

Adhesion improved by 111%

5-FU@COF acts as a rigid filler that anchors and homogenizes stress, raising coating-substrate adhesion from 1.51 MPa to 3.19 MPa, enhancing mechanical stability on stents.

92.6% tumor cell inhibition in 3 days

The 10FCLU coating achieves 92.6% inhibition of RBE cholangiocarcinoma cells via biphasic 5-FU release, with antitumor efficacy confirmed by TEM ultrastructural apoptosis markers.

High drug loading of 43.1%

216.5 nm COF nanospheres load 5-FU at 43.1%, providing ample drug reservoir for the coating, with pH sensitivity aiding controlled release.

Applications

• Biliary stents：The coating provides anti-sludge and anti-tumor properties to prolong stent patency.
• Drug-eluting stents：COF-mediated drug loading enables sustained 5-FU release to inhibit tumor hyperplasia.
• Antifouling coatings：Self-polishing dynamically removes sludge, and electrostatic repulsion prevents fouling.
• COF drug carriers：COF nanospheres offer high drug loading and pH-responsive release.
• Biofilm inhibition：Antifouling surface reduces bacterial adhesion, inhibiting biofilm formation.