Multilayer Gradient Aerogel

Absorption-dominant over 9.7–40 GHz

Machine-learning-optimized conductivity gradient enables ultralow reflection and high absorption over an ultrabroad bandwidth, overcoming the absorption-bandwidth limitation of conventional shielding materials.

Zhou, Jin · Liu, Wei · Mingrui, Han · Liu, Jiurong · Pan, Fei · Xu, Wenlong · Wu, Na · Zeng, Zhihui

Advanced Materials 2026

Specifications

Average reflectivity

{'zh': '0.045', 'en': '0.045'}

Absorptivity

{'zh': '0.9', 'en': '0.9'}

Absorption bandwidth

{'zh': '30.3', 'en': '30.3'} GHz

Advantages

Ultralow reflection

Average reflectivity of only 0.045 means most waves are absorbed rather than reflected, greatly reducing secondary pollution.

Ultrabroad bandwidth

Absorptivity stays above 0.9 across 30.3 GHz (9.7-40.0 GHz), covering most radar and communication bands.

Rapid design

Machine learning and genetic algorithm directly provide multilayer conductivity gradient designs, bypassing extensive trial-and-error.

Applications

• electromagnetic shielding：Absorption-dominant design prevents reflected waves from disturbing nearby sensitive devices.
• anti-EMI for devices：Lightweight aerogel can be integrated into devices to suppress EMI without adding weight.
• low-reflection absorbers：Ultralow reflectivity of 0.045 suits stealth coatings or anechoic chamber absorbers.