98.83% yield, acid-resistant and recyclable
An acid-base bifunctional catalyst made from eggshells and poplar leaves achieves 98.83% biodiesel yield from waste sheep fat, retaining 80.3% yield after five cycles.
Shengyan, Wang · Hongyu, Fu · Abulizi, Abulikemu · Okitsu, Kenji · Maeda, Yasuaki · Nulahong, Aisha · Ren, Tiezhen · Niu, Shengli
Renewable Energy 2025