90% N removal under F− stress
Under fluoride stress that typically inhibits nitrogen removal, this substrate achieves high ammonia and nitrate removal while promoting mature denitrifying biofilms.
Lingyan, Zhao · Jian, Zhang · Li, Mingjun · Peihao, Yan · Lian, Jianjun · Guo, Zizhang · Wu, Haiming
Chemical Engineering Journal 2025
NH4+-N and NO3−-N removal both reached 90% under fluoride stress
TB-EPS content significantly higher than LB-EPS
Denitrifying bacteria and key N-cycle enzymes enriched
TP removal inhibited by coexisting fluoride