Bulk oxygen participates in reactions
Oxygen transfers directly through the metal-support interface rather than via surface diffusion, enabling bulk lattice oxygen to participate in reactions with reversible strain channels.
Liu, Shuhui · Yang, Xiaofeng · Liu, Wei · Wang, Yanggang · Huang, Yanqiang · Zhang, Tao
Nature 2026
Oxygen transports directly from TiO₂ substrate to Ru particles via the Ru/TiO₂ interface, not surface diffusion
TiO₂ subsurface lattice strains reversibly, providing channels for oxygen transport
Oxygen spillover switched on in Ru/rutile-TiO₂, switched off in Ru/anatase-TiO₂