17% heat transfer boost
A single magnetic source induces a vortex that enhances heat transfer in Fe₃O₄ nanofluid through an elbow pipe, with magnetic intensity more effective at lower velocities.
Lei, Lei · Song, Shaolei · Cong, Liu · Han, Yu
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2024
The vortex created by the magnetic source contributes to a rise in average heat transfer along the elbow pipe