Tunable work function
A cesium-molybdenum surface whose work function is tuned by copper or tungsten impurities, providing a key surface material for optimizing negative ion source performance.
Li, Heng · Zhang, Xin · Xu, Yuhong · Lei, Guangjiu · Liu, Sanqiu · Tsumori, Katsuyoshi · Haruhisa, Nakano · Osakabe, Masaki · Isobe, Mitsutaka · Shoichi, Okamura · Akihiro, Shimizu · Kunihiro, Ogawa · Hiromi, Takahashi · Cui, Zilin · Hu, Jun · Zhu, Yiqin · Xiaolong, Li · Huaqing, Zheng · Xiaoqiao, Liu · Geng, Shaofei · Chen, Xiaochang · Liu, Haifeng · Wang, Xiangqu · Liu, Hai · Tang, Changjian
Nuclear Materials and Energy 2024
Copper impurities significantly increase the average adsorption energy of cesium
At cesium coverages above 6/16 θ, high-coverage copper impurities lead to a further decrease in the work function
In most cases, impurities significantly reduce the dipole moment density of the cesiated surface