Microbial-Semiconductor Hybrid

NIR-driven H2 for tumors

A biohybrid that directs photoelectrons into photosynthetic bacteria for NIR-driven H2 production and tumor-targeted immunotherapy.

Chaojie, Yu · Wang, Tao · Yu, Yang · Wang, Shibo · Zhu, Yanfang · Tan, Chaoliang · Liang, Ruizheng

Advanced Materials 2026

Specifications

Tumor inhibition rate

{'zh': '97.8', 'en': '97.8'} %

Photoelectron injection boost

{'zh': '6.8', 'en': '6.8'} fold

Tumor targeting efficiency

{'zh': '73.2', 'en': '73.2'} %

Increase in infiltrated CD8+ T cells

{'zh': '9', 'en': '9'} fold

Advantages

NIR-driven

LDH/CuS nanosheets enhance near-infrared capture, enabling efficient H2 production without visible light.

6.8-fold photoelectron injection

The p-n heterojunction weakens the electron exclusion barrier, directing photogenerated electrons into the bacterial hydrogenase system.

High tumor targeting

Actively colonizes hypoxic tumors with a targeting efficiency of 73.2%, enabling in situ H2 production.

Potent antitumor immunity

Through LA depletion and immunogenic cell death induction, CD8+ T cell infiltration increases over 9-fold, achieving 97.8% tumor inhibition.

Applications

• Cancer immunotherapy：In situ H2 production induces immunogenic cell death, activating antitumor immunity.
• Biohybrid hydrogen production：Near-infrared light drives efficient bacterial H2 production for tumor therapy.
• Tumor-targeted delivery：Bacteria actively target hypoxic tumors for in situ drug generation.
• Microbial-nano hybrid systems：Semiconductor nanosheets self-assemble with microbes, enhancing photoelectron injection.