Low dose, better bone
Replacing conventional VD₃ at 2,500 IU/kg, this additive improves both weight gain and bone development in broilers via gut microbiome modulation.
Dai, Hongwei · Chen, Yan · Lu, Jianxiong · Zhang, Guohua
BMC Veterinary Research 2026
Compared to conventional VD₃ at 3,750 IU/kg, nano-VD₃ at 2,500 IU/kg led to significantly higher average daily gain and greater bone indices.
Increases relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Ligilactobacillus, Muribaculaceae) and reduces harmful taxa (e.g., Desulfovibrio).
Significantly increased yield strength, elastic modulus, and calcium and ash content in femur and tibia.