Upcycled to match virgin
Directly upcycled from spent NCM cathodes via a closed-loop leaching process, delivering electrochemical performance matching that of pristine materials.
Sun, Jing · Wenxin, Chen · Shuo, Lu · Song, Zhanlong · Wang, Wenlong · Zhao, Xiqiang · 77067975
Resources, Environment and Sustainability 2025
Discharge capacity 165.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 C after 100 cycles
Capacity retention 89.01% at 1 C over 100 cycles
Lattice parameter c/a = 5.0016
Cation mixing I₀₀₃/I₁₀₄ = 1.46