Stable multi-angle crushing
Introducing a 45° trigger angle between the aluminum alloy inner layer and thermoplastic reinforced polypropylene outer layer distributes crushing load more evenly, suppresses instability under multi-angle loading, and enables progressive failure.
Xiang, Siyi · Li, Huaguan · Sun, Xianglong · Zhou, Rui · Liu, Wenyi · Lin, Yanyan
Applied Composite Materials 2024
More even load distribution with 45° trigger angle
Trigger angle effectively reduces initial peak load