Low Adhesion, Reduced Clogging
Alters loess surface water film and capillary interactions via sand incorporation, fundamentally suppressing cutterhead adhesion and clogging.
Cheng, Wenchieh · Zhao, Honghua · Wu, Bin · Bai, Xuedong
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2024
Sand additive reduces clay clogging potential
Sand additive reduces difficulty in transporting spoils
Adhesion of sand-loess mixture is controlled by intermolecular force and disappears when submerged