~30% Higher Cross-Linking
Urea enhances the cross-linking of starch with sodium hexametaphosphate, achieving a higher degree of substitution at lower temperature while improving thermal stability, water resistance, acid/alkali resistance, and shear tolerance.
Yan, Min · Jie, Yi · Dai, Rui · Liu, Wentao · Chen, Hui
Carbohydrate Polymers 2023
Maximum DS of 0.040 at 35 °C
DS increased by 29.03% over conventional phosphorylated cross-linked starch
Optimum cross-linking temperature reduced by 10 °C